Molluscum

Molluscum contagiosum, also known as molluscum, is a common viral skin infection that causes localized clusters of papules with flat tops and characteristic white cores. Molluscum mostly affects infants and children under the age of 10. People are more likely to get infected with molluscum in warm, overcrowded environments. Molluscum tends to more severely affect children who have atopic dermatitis, or eczema, patients with HIV, and patients with weakened immune systems.

What causes molluscum?

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by a poxvirus called the molluscum contagiosum virus. The virus can spread in the following ways:

• Direct skin-to-skin contact
• Indirect contact via shared belongings
• Spreading to another site from scratching or shaving
• Sexual transmission in adults

Transmission of molluscum is more likely in wet conditions, such as bathing or swimming.

What are complications with molluscum?

• Secondary bacterial infection from scratching (impetigo)
• Conjunctivitis if the eyelid is infected
• Secondary eczema
• Widespread molluscum
• Spontaneous, pitted scarring

 

What is the treatment?

In many cases, treatment is not necessary as the body will eventually fight the viral infection and clear the molluscum. However, the body’s process of fighting the infection can take a significant amount of time, so other treatments can be used to speed up the process.

• Physical treatments:
  • Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen
  • Gentle curettage or electrodessication
  • Laser ablation
• Medical treatments:
  • Antiseptic topicals
  • Wart treatments containing salicylic acid
  • Cantharidin solution

 

To reduce the spread of molluscum, take the following measures:

• Wash hands often
• Avoid scratching or shaving
• Cover visible lesions with clothing or bandages
• Do not share personal belongings

If you suspect you or your child has molluscum, our dermatologists can evaluate you and discuss appropriate treatment plans to clear the infection.