Granuloma Annulare

What is granuloma annulare?

Granuloma annulare (GA) occurs in three types:

• Localized: This is the most common type of granuloma annulare. Localized GA presents as a red or skin-colored lesion or bump with a semicircular or circular border up to 2 inches in diameter. These lesions are most observed on the hands, wrists, feet, and ankles among young adults.
• Generalized: Generalized GA is a less common type experienced by adults as itchy, red, or skin-colored bumps on most parts of the body including the trunk, arms, and legs.
• Under the skin: This form of GA is known as subcutaneous granuloma annulare and typically occurs among young children as small, firm bumps under the skin of the shin, scalp, and hands.

What causes GA?

The true cause of granuloma annulare is unclear but possible triggers have been observed as follows:

• Infections
• Insect or animal bites
• Vaccinations

What are the risk factors?

In some cases, GA can simultaneously occur with thyroid diseases or diabetes.

What does treatment look like?

• Corticosteroids: These are topical steroid creams or ointments that help to reduce inflammation and itching when applied on the affected areas. Corticosteroids can also be injected into a localized area to relieve symptoms and inflammation.
• Light therapy: Your doctor might choose to use a machine that emits a certain type of light to treat the area.
• Oral medications: In severe cases, oral steroids can be prescribed to reduce more intense inflammation and antihistamines could be prescribed to help reduce symptoms of itch.

If you have a rash you are unsure about, our dermatologists can help diagnose your condition and determine the best treatment for you.